Which of the following pests are attracted by pheromones?

Pheromones are chemical signals used by many species to communicate with one another, particularly in terms of attracting mates or signaling danger. Fruit flies are specifically known to be attracted to pheromones, which play a crucial role in their mating behavior. Male fruit flies release specific pheromones that attract females, making them more likely to mate. This pheromone signaling is an essential part of their reproductive cycle.

In contrast, while ants and termites also rely on pheromones for communication, the context in which they are attracted to them differs. Ants use pheromones primarily for trail marking and coordinating activities within their colonies rather than specifically for attracting mates, and while pheromones are involved in the social structure of termites, their attraction is not as focused on direct mate attraction as it is in fruit flies.

Cockroaches do produce pheromones, but they are not primarily attracted to them in the same context that fruit flies are. Instead, cockroach pheromones are primarily involved in aggregation behavior or signaling alarm rather than reproductive attraction.

Thus, the unique attraction of fruit flies to pheromones, particularly regarding mating, makes this answer the most appropriate.