Which ants are known to kill off their queen for maximum mating opportunities?

The correct answer, Red Imported Fire Ants, is known for their unique reproductive behaviors. In certain circumstances, worker ants in a Red Imported Fire Ant colony will kill off their queen to create a scenario where the remaining workers can mate more frequently with newly emerging males. This behavior is linked to their reproductive strategy, which can maximize the genetic diversity and survival chances of their offspring.

In contrast, other ant species listed in the options typically have different social structures and reproductive practices. Fire ants in general may exhibit aggressive behaviors but the specific practice of queens being killed for mating opportunities is characteristic of the Red Imported Fire Ants. Carpenter ants and Pharaoh ants, while interesting in their own rights, do not share this particular reproductive behavior.